Blood cells use oxygen for fuel, A1c is an acronym for oxygen-converting enzyme activity. As the cell produces A1c, it generates more red blood cells. The hemoglobin molecules are attached to the protein-chains of the red blood cells, and they stick together to produce A1c. Glucose is also used for fuel, but because it is more complex than hemoglobin in the blood, it has a lower efficiency and produces higher amounts of waste products, such as lactic acid. An increase in A1c allows the red blood cells to generate more cells and tissues, which result in higher levels of oxygen.
Hemoglobin is made up of a bundle of proteins and glycoproteins. It can either be soluble in water or insoluble in water. Hemoglobin molecules are made up of two different types of protein molecules, beta-sheet and polymer chains, and these chains form a long chain of glucose molecules, similar to a tree trunk. When hemoglobin molecules bind with hemoglobin-chains, they form a polymer chain.
Hemoglobin uses up a specific amount of oxygen, A1c, every second the hemoglobin chains attach to the polymer chains of the red blood cells. This is known as the rate of oxidisation. The rate of oxidation of a hemoglobin molecule depends on its size and shape. For example, a molecule with a greater molecular weight has a faster rate of oxidation.
The type of hemoglobin determines how fast and how much A1c the hemoglobin molecule produces. The hemoglobin molecule will either be S/O (soluble) or I/Q (insoluble). In soluble hemoglobin the hemoglobin molecules stick together. In insoluble hemoglobin the hemoglobin molecules separate into smaller molecules and stick together, forming a polymer chain.
When the hemoglobin molecule bonds with a glycosylated protein, the molecule becomes a carbohydrate. The glycosylation is caused by enzymes that convert the hemoglobin molecule into glycogen. sugar. The glycosylation process results in the creation of a dimer.